“A cursory glance of Frey’s life reveals a significant truth: she was driven by an insatiable need to create art.”[1] – Kenneth Trapp Over the course of her five-decade career, interdisciplinary artist Viola Frey (1933–2004) produced hundreds of artworks in a variety of media, but she is perhaps best known for her ceramic sculpture. Frey’s life-long need to make art was her driving force, even late in life. Despite an awareness that she was terminally ill, she nevertheless continued to work rigorously in the studio. These works explore personal reflection and the timelessness of the human experience – themes she explored throughout her life – and have rarely been seen before. Viola Frey was born in agricultural Lodi, California, during the Great Depression. In 1953, she enrolled in California College of Arts and Crafts in Oakland on a scholarship. Frey majored in painting, however, she preferred her time in the ceramics department because “It had people of all ages in it. It seemed more like the real world. It was a community.”[2]
Seated White Majestic Woman, 2004

Seated White Majestic Woman, 2004
whiteware and glazes
75 x 74 x 69 inches
VF-0011CMS

Western Civilization Series, 2000

Seated White Majestic Woman, 2004
whiteware and glazes
75 x 74 x 69 inches
VF-0011CMS

Untitled (Bricolage Head with Monkey and Figurines on Hat), 2000
whiteware and glazes
22 1/2 x 21 x 18 1/2 inches
VF-0565CSS

Noted as a “visual anthropologist of contemporary American culture,”[3] she often explored myriad themes simultaneously, all of which built her visual vocabulary. Frey’s training as a painter and passion for clay allowed her to work between two- and three-dimensional pieces at the same time with ease. Her personal and often easily recognizable iconography includes the grandmother, suited men, gloves, and bric-a-brac collected from flea markets, among many others. Her largest sculptures were treated as three-dimensional canvases; oversized plates served as a lens to “sketch” with clay; and “junk” sculptures were assembled using molded objects cast from her throw-away figurine collection.

In 1984, Frey’s sculptures were exhibited at the Whitney Museum of American Art, and  showcased larger-than-life ceramic figures alongside plates, bricolages, and paintings. Curator Patterson Sims wrote, “…Clay is but one of the media Frey employs and it is only the starting point for her creative concerns. Content more than refinement of craft is her ultimate objective. Frey transcends the functionalism and intimacy of scale usually connected with clay in order to employ [clay and other media] as a vehicle of cultural expression.”[4]

During her lifetime, Frey made thousands of artworks demonstrating her unrelenting commitment and perseverance to her studio practice. Her artworks and legacy continues to influence and inspire people today.

Untitled (Plate with Buddah, Monkey and Red Hand), 2000

Untitled (Plate with Buddah, Monkey and Red Hand), 2000
whiteware, Egyptian paste, and glazes
25 1/2 x 25 1/2 x 6 3/4 inches
VF-0273P

Pegasus, 2000

Pegasus, 2000
whiteware, Egyptian paste, and glazes
25 x 25 x 4 inches
VF-0095P

Western Civilization Series, 2000
whiteware and glazes
36 x 44 x 25 inches
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Viola Frey received her bachelor’s degree (1956) and honorary doctorate (2000) from California College of the Arts [and Crafts]. She was awarded two National Endowment for the Arts fellowships (1978, 1986), an Honorary Life Award by National Council on Education for Ceramic Arts (NCECA, 2000), Masters of the Medium for Ceramics by James Renwick Alliance (2003), as well as many other grants and awards.

 

Her work is in numerous public and private collections worldwide, including Paris Museum of Modern Art, Paris, France; Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY; Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX; and Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, CA.

 

In 2000, Viola Frey co-founded the Artists’ Legacy Foundation with Squeak Carnwath and Gary Knecht and upon her death, became the Foundation’s first Legacy Artist.

 

World II, 2002

World II, 2002
whiteware and glazes
52 x 52 x 52 inches
VF-0004CLS

[1] Trapp, Kenneth. Viola Frey (Viola Frey: A Lasting Legacy). New York: Nancy Hoffman Gallery, 2005, p. 6.

 

[2] “Oral history interview with Viola Frey, 1995 February 27-June 19.” Interview by Paul Karlstrom. Audio Recording. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1995.

 

[3] Sims, Patterson. Viola Frey. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1984.

 

[4] Ibid.

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